Ministry
of Environment and Forests Notification
New
Delhi, the 5th December, 1989
Rules
for the Manufacture, use, import, export and storage of hazardous micro
organisms, genetically engineered organisms or cells
(To
be notified under the EP Act, 1986)
G.S.R.
1037(E) - In exercise of the powers conferred by sections 6, 8 and
25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986) and with a view
to protecting the environment, nature and health, in connection with the application
of genetechnology and micro-organisms, the Central Government hereby makes
the following rules, namely:-
1.
Short title, extent and commencement. - (1) These rules may be called
the Rules for The Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous
micro-organisms Genetically engineered organisms or cells.
(2)
These rules shall come into operation on the date to be notified for this
purpose in the Official Gazette.
2.
Application - (1) These rules are applicable to the manufacture import
and storage of micro-organisms and Gene-Technological products.
(2)
These shall apply to genetically engineered organisms, micro-organisms
and cells and correspondingly to any substances and products and food stuffs,
etc. of which such cells, organisms or tissues hereof form part.
(3)
These rules shall also apply to new genetechnologies apart from those
referred to in clauses (ii) and (iv) of rule 3 and these rules shall apply
to organisms/micro-organisms and cells generated by the utilization of such
other gene-technologies and to substances and products of which such organisms
and cells form part.
(4)
These rules shall be applicable in the following specific cases:
(a)sale,
offers for sale, storage for the purpose of sales, offers and any kind of
handling over with or without a consideration;
(b)exportation
and importation of genetically engineered cells or organisms;
(c)production,
manufacturing, processing, storage, import, drawing off, packaging and repacking
of the Genetically Engineered Products;
(d)Production,
manufacture etc., of drugs and pharmaceuticals and food stuffs distilleries
and tanneries, etc. which make use of micro-organisms genetically engineered
micro-organisms one way or the other.
- These rules
shall be applicable to the whole of India.
3.
Definitions. - In these rules unless the context requires,
- "Biotechnology"
means the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing
of materials by biological agents to produce goods and services;
(ii)
"Cell hybridisation" means the formation of live cells with new combinations
of genetic material through the fusion of two or more cells by means of methods
which do not occur naturally;
(iii)
"Gene Technology" means the application of the gene technique called genetic
engineering, include self cloning and deletion as well as cell hybridisation;
(iv)
"Genetic engineering" means the technique by which heritable material, which
does not usually occur or will not occur naturally in the organism or cell
concerned, generated outside the organism or the cell is inserted into said
cell or organism. It shall also mean the formation of new combinations of
genetic material by incorporation of a cell into a host cell, where they occur
naturally (self cloning) as well as modification of an organism or in a cell
by deletion and removal of parts of the heritable material;
- "microorganisms"
shall include all the bacteria, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, cells lines,
algae, protodones and nematotes indicated in the schedule and those that
have not been presently known to exist in the country or not have been discovered
so far".
4.
Competent Authorities. - (1) Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee
(RDAC)
This
committee shall review developments in Biotechnology at national and international
levels and shall recommend suitable and appropriate safety regulations for
India in recombinant research, use and applications from time to time. The
committee shall function in the Department of Biotechnology.
(2)
Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM).
This
committee shall function in the Department of Biotechnology to monitor the
safety related aspect in respect of on-going research projects and activities
involving genetically engineered organisms/hazardous microorganisms. The Review
Committee on Genetic Manipulation shall include representatives of (a) Department
of Biotechnology (b) Indian Council of Medical Research (c) Indian Council
of Agricultural Research (d) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
(e) other experts in their individual capacity. Review Committee on Genetic
Manipulation may appoint sub groups.
It
shall bring out Manuals of guidelines specifying procedure for regulatory
process with respect to activities involving genetically engineered organisms
in research, use and applications including industry with a view to ensure
environmental safety. All ongoing projects involving high risk category and
controlled field experiments shall be reviewed to ensure that adequate precautions
and containment conditions are followed as per the guidelines.
The
Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation shall lay down procedures restricting
or prohibiting production, sale, importation and use of such genetically engineered
organisms of cells as are mentioned in the Schedule.
(3)
Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBSC).
This
committee shall be constituted by an occupier or any person including, research
institutions handling micro organisms/genetically engineered organisms. The
committee shall comprise the Head of the Institution, Scientists engaged in
DNA work, a medical expert and a nominee of the Department of Biotechnology.
The occupier or any person including research institutions handling microorganisms/genetically
engineered organisms shall prepare with the assistance of the Institutional
Biosafety Committee (IBSC) an up-to-date on-site emergency plan according
to the manuals/guidelines of the RCGM and make available copies to the District
Level Committee/State Biotechnology Co-ordinating Committee and the Genetic
Engineering Approval Committee.
(4)
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC)
This
committee shall function as a body under the Department of Environment, Forests
and Wildlife for approval of activities involving large scale use of hazardous
microorganisms and recombinants in research and industrial production
from the environmental angle. The Committee shall also be responsible for
approval of proposals relating to release of genetically engineered organisms
and products into the environment including experimental field trials.
The
composition of the Committee shall be
(i)
Chairman - Additional Secretary, Department of Environment, Forests and Wild
life.
Co-Chairman
- Representative of Department of Bio-technology
(ii)
Members: Representatives of concerned Agencies and Departments, namely, Ministry
of Industrial Development, Department of Biotechnology and the Department
of Atomic Energy.
(iii)
Expert members: Director General - Indian Council Research, Director General
- Indian Council of Medical Research, Director General - Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research, Director General - Health Services, Plant Protection
Adviser, Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and storage, Chairman,
Central Pollution Control Board and three outside experts in individual capacity.
(iv)
Member Secretary: An official of the Department of Environment, Forest
and Wildlife.
The
Committee may co-opt other members/experts as necessary.
The
committee or any person/s authorised by it shall have powers to take actions
under the Environment (Protection) Act.
(5)
State Biotechnology Co-ordination Committee (SBCC).
There
shall be a State Biotechnology Coordination Committee in the States wherever
necessary. It shall have powers to inspect, investigate and take punitive
action in case of violations of statutory provisions through the Nodal Department
and the State Pollution Control board/Directorate of Health/Medical Services.
The Committee shall review periodically the safety and control measures in
the various industries/institutions handling genetically engineered Organisms/Hazardous
microorganisms. The compositions of the Coordination Committee shall be:
(i)
Chief Secretary - Chairman
(ii)
Secretary, Department of Environment - Member Secretary
(iii)
Secretary, Department of Health - Member
(iv)
Secretary, Department of Agriculture - Member
(v)
Secretary, Department of Industries and Commerce - Member
(vi)
Secretary, Department of Forests - Member
(vii)
Secretary, Department of Public Works/Chief Engineer,
Department
of Public Health Engineering.- Member
(viii)
State Microbiologists and Pathologists - Member
(ix)
Chairman of State Pollution Control Board
The
Committee may co-opt other members/experts as necessary.
(6)
District Level Committee (DLC)
There
shall be a District Level Biotechnology Committee (DLC) in the districts wherever
necessary
under
the District Collectors to monitor the safety regulations in installations
engaged in the use of genetically modified organisms/hazardous microorganisms
and its applications in the environment.
The
District Level Committee/or any other person/s authorised in this behalf shall
visit the installation engaged in activity involving genetically engineered
organisms, hazardous microorganisms, formulate information chart, find out
hazards and risks associated with each of these installations and coordinate
activities with a view to meeting any emergency. They shall also prepare an
off-site emergency plan. The District Level Committee shall regularly submit
its report to the State Biotechnology Co-ordination Committee/Genetic Engineering
Approval Committee.
The
District Level Committee shall comprise of:-
(i)
District Collector -Chairman
(ii)
Factory Inspector -Member
(iii)
A representative of the Pollution Control Board -Member
(iv)
Chief Medical Officer (District Health Officer) -Member (Convenor)
(v)
District Agricultural Officer -Member
(vi)
A representative of the Public Health Engineering Department -Member
(vii)
District Microbiologists/Pathologist (technical expert) - Member
(viii)
Commissioner Municipal Corporation - Member
The
committee may co-opt other members/experts as necessary
5. Classification of micro-organisms or genetically engineered product. -
(1) For the purpose of these rules, microorganisms or genetically
engineered organisms, products or cells shall be dealt with under two major
heads; animal, pathogens and plant pests and these shall be classified in
the manner specified in the Schedule.
(2)If
any of the microorganisms, genetically engineered organism or cell falls within
the limits of more than one risk class as specified in the Schedule, it shall
be deemed to belong exclusively to the last in number of such classes.
6. Microorganisms laid down in the Schedule are divided into the following
_
(i)
Bacterial Agents;
(ii)
Fungal Agents;
(iii)
Parasitic Agents;
(iv)
Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Agents;
(v) Special Category.
7. Approval and Prohibitions, etc. - (1) No person shall import,
export, transport, manufacture, process, use or sell any hazardous microorganisms
of genetically engineered organisms/substances or cells except with the approval
of the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
- Use of pathogenic
microorgnisms or any genetically engineered organisms or cells for the purpose
of research shall only be allowed in laboratories or inside laboratory area
notified by the Ministry of Environment
and Forests for this purpose under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
(3)
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee shall give directions to the occupier
to determine or take measures concerning the discharge of microorganisms/genetically
engineered organisms or cells mentioned in the Schedule from the laboratories,
hospitals and other areas including prohibition of such discharges and laying
down measures to be taken to prevent such discharges.
(4)
Any person operating or using genetically engineered organisms/microogranisms
mentioned in the schedule for scale up or pilot operations shall have to obtain
licence issued by the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee for any such
activity. The possessor shall have to apply for licence in prescribed proform.
(5)
Certain experiments for the purpose of education within the field of gene
technology or microorganism may be carried out outside the laboratories and
laboratory areas mentioned in sub-rule (2) and will be looked after by the
Institutional Bio-safety Committee.
8.
Production. - Production in which genetically engineered
organisms or cells or micro-organisms are generated or used shall not be commenced
except with the consent of Genetic Engineering Approval Committee with respect
of discharge of genetically engineered organisms or cells into the environment.
This shall also apply to production taking place in connection with development,
testing and experiments where such production, etc., is not subject to rule
7.
9. Deliberate or unintentional release. - (1) Deliberate or unintentional
release of genetically engineered organisms/hazardous microorganisms or cells,
including deliberate release for the purpose of experiment shall not be allowed.
Note: Deliberate release shall mean any intentional transfer of genetically
engineered organisms/hazardous, microorganisms or cells to the environment
or nature, irrespective of the way in which it is done.
(2)
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee may in special cases give approval
of deliberate release.
10. Permission and approval for certain substances. - Substances
and products, which contain genetically engineered organisms or cells or microorganisms
shall not be produced, sold, imported or used except with the approval of
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee.
11. Permission and approval for food stuffs. - Food stuffs, ingredients
in food stuffs and additives including processing and containing or consisting
of genetically engineered organisms or cells, shall not be produced, sold,
imported or used except with the approval of the Genetic Engineering Approval
Committee.
12. Guidelines - (1) Any person who applies for approval under rules
8-11 shall, as determined by the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee submit
information and make examinations or cause examinations to be made to eradicate
the case, including examinations according to specific directions and at specific
laboratories. He shall also make available an on-site emergency plan to GEAC
before obtaining the approval. If the authority makes examination itself,
it may order the applicant to delay the expenses incurred by it in so doing.
- Any person
to whom an approval has been granted under rules 8-11 above shall notify
the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee of any change in or addition
to the information already submitted.
13. Grant of approval. - (1) In connection with the granting of approval
under rules 8 to 11 above, terms and conditions shall be stipulated, including
terms and conditions as to the control to be exercised by the applicant, supervision,
restriction on use, the layout of the enterprise and as to the submission
of information to the State Bio-technology Co-ordination Committee or to the
District Level Committee.
(3) All approvals of the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee shall
be for a specific period not exceeding four year at the first instance renewable
for 2 years at a time. The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee shall have
powers to revoke such approval in the following situations:-
(a) If there is any new information as to the harmful effects of
the genetically engineered organisms or cells.
(b) If the genetically engineered organisms or cells cause such damage
to the environment, nature or health as could not be envisaged when the approval
was given, or
(c) Non compliance of any condition stipulated by Genetic Engineering
Approval Committee.
14. Supervision - (1) The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
may supervise the implementation of the terms and conditions laid down in
connection with the approvals accorded by it.
- The Genetic
Engineering Approval Committee may carry out this supervision through
the State Bio-technology Coordination Committee or the State Pollution
Control Boards/District Level Committee or through any person authorised
in this behalf.
15. Penalties. - (1) If an order is not complied with, the District
Level Committee or State Biotechnology Co-ordination Committee may take measures
at the expense of the person who is responsible.
- In case where
immediate intervention is required in order to prevent any damage to the
environment, nature or health, the District Level Committee, or State Biotechnology
Co-ordination Committee may take the necessary steps without issuing any
order or notice. The expenses incurred for this purpose will be repayable
by the person responsible for such damage.
- The State
Bio-technology Co-ordination Committee/District Level Committee may take
samples for a more detailed examination of organisms and cells.
- The State
Bio-technology Co-ordination Committee/District Level Committee shall be
competent to ask for assistance from any other government authority to carry
out its instructions.
16. Responsibility to notify interruptions or accidents. - (1) Any
person who under rule 7-11 is responsible for conditions or arrangements shall
immediately notify the District Level Committee/State Biotechnology Co-ordination
Committee and the state medical officer of any interruption of operations
or accidents that may lead to discharges of genetically engineered organisms
or cells which may be harmful to the environment, nature or health or involve
any danger thereto.
(2)
Any notice given under sub-rule (1) above shall not lessen the duty of the
person who is responsible to try effectively to minimise or prevent the effects
of interruptions of operations or accidents.
17. Preparation of Off-site emergency Plan by the DLC. - (1) It shall
be the duty of the DLC to prepare an off-site emergency plan detailing how
emergencies relating to a possible major accident at a site will be dealt
with and in preparing the plan, the DLC shall consult the occupier and such
other person as it may deem necessary.
(2)
For the purpose of enabling the DLC to prepare the emergency plan required
under sub-rule (1), the occupier shall provide the DLC with such information
relating to the handling of hazardous microorganisms/genetically engineered
organisms under his control as the DLC may required including the nature,
extent and likely off-site effects of a possible major accident and the DLC
shall provide the occupier with any information from the off-site emergency
plan which relates to his duties under rule 16.
18. Inspections and informations regarding finance. - (1) The State
Biotechnology Co-ordination Committee or the Genetic Engineering Approval
Committee/the DLC or any person with special knowledge
duly authorised by the State Bio-technology Co-ordination Committee or the
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee or the DLC where it is deemed necessary,
at any time on due production of identity be admitted to public as well as
to private premises and localities for the purpose of carrying out supervision.
- Any person
who is responsible for activities subject to rules 7-11 above shall at
the request of District Level Committee or State Bio-technology Co-ordination
Committee or the GEAC submit all such information including information
relating to financial conditions and accounts, as is essential to the
authority's administration under these rules. He shall also allow supervision
or inspection by the authorities or persons indicated in sub-rule (1).
- The Genetic
Engineering Approval Committee may fix fees to cover, in whole or in part,
the expenses incurred by the authorities in connection with approvals,
examinations, supervisions and control.
19.
Appeal - (1) Any person aggrieved by a decision made by Genetic
Engineering Approval Committee/State Biotechnology Co-ordination Committee
in pursuance of these rules may within thirty days from the date on which
the decision is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to such authority as
may be appointed by Ministry of Environment and Forests provided that the
appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said
period of thirty days if such authority is satisfied that the appellant was
prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.
20.
Exemption - The Ministry of Environment and Forests
shall, wherever necessary, exempt an occupier handling a particular
microorganism genetically engineered organism from rule 7-11.
ANIMAL AND HUMAN PATHOGENS
SCHEDULE
BACTERIAL
Risk
Group II
Acinetobacter
calcoaceticus
Actinobacillus
- all species except A -mallei, which in Risk Group III
Acromonoas
hydrophila
Arzona
hinshawii - all serotypes
Baciluss
anthracis
Bordetella
all species
Borrelia
recurrentis B. vincenti
Campylobacter
fetus
Camphylobacter
jejuni
Chalamydia
psittaci
Cheamydia
trachomatis
Clostridium
hauvoci, Cl, Difficle Cl. fallax, Cl haemolyticum Cl histolyticum, Cl,
novyi, (Cl.perfringes),
Cl. speticum, Cl. sordeili
Cornylebacterium
diptheriae, C. equi, C. haemolyticum, C. pseudo tuberculosis, C. pyogenes,
C.
renale
Diplococcus
(Streptococcus) pneumoniae
Edwardsiila
tarda
Erysipelothix
insidiosa
Escherichia
Coli-all enteropathogenic serotypes enterotoxigenic
Haemophilus
ducrevi, H. influenzae, H. pneumoniae
Herellea
vaginicola
Klebsiella-all
species and all serotypes
Legionlla
pneumophila
Letionella
Leptospira
interrogans all serotypes reported in India
Listeria,
all species
Mima
polymorpha
Moraxella
- All species
Mycobacteria
- all species including Mycobacterium avium
M.
bovis M. tuberculosis, M. lepreae
Mycoplasma
- all species except M. mycoides and M. angalaectiae
Neisseric
gonorrhoea, N. meningitis
Pasteurella
- all species except those listed in Risk Group III
Salmonella
- all species and all serotypes
Shigella
- all species and all serotypes
Shpacrophorus
necrophorus
Staphylococcus
aureus
Streptobacillus
moniformis
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Streptococcus
pyogenes, S. equi
Streptomyces
madurae, s. pelleteri, s. somaliensis
Treponema
carateum, T. palidum and T. pertenue
Vibrio
foctus, V. comma including biotype EI Tor and
V.
parahemolyticus.
Vibrio
cholerae
Risk
Group III:
Actinobacillus
mallei
Bartonella
- all species
Brucella
- all species
Clostridium
botulium, Cl. tetani
Francisella
tularensis
Mycobacterium
avium, M. bovis, M. tuberculosis, m. leprae
Paseturella
multocida type B ("buffalo" and other foreign virulent strains)
Pseudomonas
pseudomallai
Yersinia
pestis
FUNGAL
Risk
Group II
Actinomycetes
(including Nocardia Sp, Actinomyces species and Arachina prpinica)
Aspergilus
fumigatus
Blastomyces
dermatitis
Cryptococcus
neofonnans C. fersiminosos
Epidermophyton
madurella, microsporon
Paracoccidiodes
brasiliensis
Sporothrix
Trichoderma
Trichophyton
Risk
Group III:
Coccidiodes
immitis Histoplasma capulatum
Histoplasma
capsulatum var duboissl
PARASITIC
Risk
Group II
Entahoeba
histolytica
Leishmania
species
Naegeleria
gruberia
Plasmodium
theilera, P. babesia P. falcoparum
Plasmodium
babesia
Schistosoma
Toxoplasma
gondii
Toxocara
canis
Trichinella
spiralis
Trichomanas
Trypanosoma
cruzi
Risk
Group III
Schisistosoma
mansoni
VIRAL
RICKETTSIAL AND CHAIMYDIAL
Risk
Group II
Adenoviruses
- Human, all types
Avian
loukosis
Cache
Valley virus
CELO
(avain adenovirus)
Cosackie
A and B viruses
Corona
viruses
Cytomegalo
viruses
Dengue
virus, when used for transmission experiments
Echo
viruses - all types
Encephalomyocarditis
virus (EMC)
Flanders
virus
Hart
Part virus
Hepatitis-associated
antigen material - hepatitis A and B viruses, non A and non B, HDV
Herpes
viruses - except herpesvirus simiae (monkey B virus) which is in Risk Group
IV.
Infections
Bovine Rhinotraechitis virus (IBR)
Infections
Bursal diesaes of poultry and Infectious Bronchitus
Infections
Laryngotraechitis (ILT)
Influenza
virus - all types, except A/PR8/34 which in Risk Group I
Langat
virus Leucosis Complex
Lymphogranuloma
venereum agent
Mark's
Disease virus
Measles
virus
Mumps
virus
Newcastle
disease virus (other than licenced strain for vaccine use)
Parainfluenza
viruses - all types except parainfluenza virus 3, SF4 strain, which is in
Risk Group I
Polio
viruses - all types wild and attenuated
Pox
viruses - all types except Mathrim, monkey pox, sheep pox and white pox, which
depending on experiments are in Risk Group III or IV.
Rabies
virus - all strains except rabies stret virus, which should be classified
in Risk Group
III
when inoculated into comivores
Reoviruses
- all types
Respiratory
Syncital virus
Rhinoviruses
- all types
Rinderpest
(other than vaccine strain in use)
Rubella
virus
Stimian
viruses - all types except herpeavirus simae (Monkey Virus) which is in Risk
Group IV
Simian
virus 40 -
Ad
SV 40 (defective)
Sindbis
virus
Tensaw
virus
Turlock
virus
Vaccinia
virus
Varicella
virus
Vole
rickettsia
Yellow
fever virus, 17 Devaccinc strain
Risk
Group III
African
House Sickness (attenuated strain except animal passage)
Alastrim,
monkey pox and whitepox, when used into vitro
Arboviruses
- All strains exept those in Risk Group II and IV
Blue
tongue virus (only serotypes reported in India)
Ebola
fever Virus
Epstiein-Barr
virus
Feline
Leukemia
Feline
sarcoma
Foot
and Mouth Disease virus (all seritypes and subtypes)
Gibbon
Ape Lymphosarcoma
herpesvirus
ateles
herpevirus
saimiri
herpes
simplex 2
HIV-1
& HIV-2 and strains of SIV
Infectious
Equine Anaemia
Lymphocytic
choriomeningitis virus (LCM)
Monkey
pox, when used in vitro
Nen-defective
Adeno-2 SV-40 hybrids
Psettacosis-ornithosis-trachoma
group of agents
Pseudorabies
virus
Rabies
street virus, when used inoculations of carnivores
Rickttsia
- all species except Vole rickeitsia dn Coxiell burnetti when used for vector
transmission
or animal inoculatin experiments
Sheep
pox (field strain)
Swine
Fever virus
Vesiculat
stomatitis virus
Woolly
monkey Fibrosarcoamm
Yaba
pox virus
Risk
Group IV
Alastrim,
monkeypox, whitepox, when used for transimission or animal inoculation experiments
Hemorrhagic
fever agents, including Crimean hemorrhagic fever (congo)
Korean
hemorrhagic fever and others as yet undefined
Herpesvirus
simlae (monkey B virus)
Tick-borne
encephalitis virus complex, including - Russian Spring Summer Encephalitis,
Kyasanur
Forest Diseast, omsk hemorrhagic fever and Central European encephalitis viruses.
Special
Category
Bacterial
Contagious
Equine Metritis (H. equinilais) Pestis petit de ruminantium
VIRAL
RICKETTSIAL AND CHLAMYDIAL:
African
Horse Sickness virus (serotypes not reported in Indian and challenge strains)
African
Swine Fever
Bat
rabies virus
Blue
tongue virus (serotypes not reported in India)
Exoitic
FMD virus types and sub-types
Junin
and Machupo viruses
Lassa
virus
Marburg
virus
Murrey
valley encephalitis virus
Rift
Valley Fever virus
Smallpox
virus-Archieval storage and propagation Swine Vesicular Disease
Veneseulan
equine encephalitis virus epidemic strains
Western
Equine encephalitis virus
Yellow
fever virus - Wild strain
Other
Arboviruses causing eizootics and so far not recorded in India.
B:
PLANT PESTS
Any
living stage (including active and dormant forms) of insects, mites, nematodes,
slugs, snails, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, other parasitic plants or reproductive
parts there of: viruses or any organisms similar to or allied with any of
the foregoing; or any infectious agents or substances, which can directly
or indirectly injure or cause disease or damage in or to any plants or parts
thereof, or any processed, manufactured, or other products of plants are considered
plant pests.
Organisms
belonging to all lower Taxa contained within the group listed are also included.
1.
Viruses-
All
viruses
All
bacteria, fungal, algal, plant, insect and neumatode viruses; special care
should be taken for-
(i)
Geminiviruses,
(ii)
Calulimoviruses,
(iii)
Nuclear Polyhedrosis viruses,
(iv)
Grandulosis viruses, and
(v)
Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses
2
Bacteria
Family
Pseudomonadaceae
Genus
Pseudomonas
Genus
Xanthomonas
Genus
Azotobacter
Family
Rhizobiaceae
Genus
Rhizobium/Azorhizobium
Genus
Bradyrhizobium
Genus
Agrobacterium
Genus
Phyllobacterium
Genus
Erwinia
Genus
Enterobacter
Genus
Klebzieller
Family
Spirollaceae
Genus
Azospirillum
Genus
Acqaspirillum
Genus
Occeonospirillum
Family
Streptomycetaceae
Genus
Streptomyces
Genus
Nocardia
Family
Actiomycetaceas
Genus
Actinomyces
Coryneform
Group
Genus
Clavibacter
Genus
Arthrobacter
Genus
Curtobacterium
Genus
Bdellovibro
Family
Rickettsiacea
Rickettsial
like organisms associated with insect diseases
Gram-negative
phloem-limited bacteria associated with plant diseases
Gram-negative
xylem-limited bacteria associated with plant diseases
Cynobacteria
- all members of blue-green algae
Mollicutes
Family
Spiroplasmataceae
Mycoplasma-like
organisms associated with plant diseases
Mycoplasma-like
organisms associated with insect diseases
Algae
Family
Chlorophyceae
Family
Euglenophyceae
Family
Pyrophyceae
Family
Chrysophaceao
Family
Phaephyceae
Family
Rhodophyceae
Fungi
Family
Plasmodiophoraceae
Family
Chytridiaceae
Family
Oldipiopsidaceae
Family
Synchytriaceae
Family
Catenariaceae
Family
Coclomomycetaceae
Family
Saprolegniaceae
Family
Zoopagaceae
Family
Albuginaceae
Family
Peronosporaceae
Family
Pythiaceae
Family
Mucoraceae
Family
Choanephoraceae
Family
Mortierellaceae
Family
Endogonaceae
Family
Syncephalastraceae
Family
Dimargaritaceae
Family
Kiclxellaceae
Family
Saksenaeaceae
Family
Entomophthoraceae
Family
Ecerinaceae
Family
Taphrinaceae
Family
Endomycetaceae
Family
Sacharamycetacea
Family
Eutotiaceae
Family
Gymnoascaceae
Family
Aseophaeriaceae
Family
Onygenaceae
Family
Microaseaceae
Family
Protomycetaceae
Family
Elsinocaceae
Family
Myriaginaceae
Family
Dothidiaceae
Family
Chaetothyriaceae
Family
Pharmulariaceae
Family
Phillipsicaceae
Family
Gysteriaceae
Family
Pleosporaceae
Family
Melamomataceae
Family
Ophiostomataceae
Family
Aseosphaeriaceae
Family
Erysiphaceae
Family
Meliolaceae
Family
Xylariaceae
Family
Diaporthaceae
Family
Hypoercaceae
Family
Clavicipataceae
Family
Phacidiaceae
Family
Ascocorticiaceae
Family
Hemiphacidiaceae
Family
Dermataceae
Family
Selerotimiaceae
Family
Cyttariaceae
Family
Helosiaceae
Family
Sarocostomataceae
Family
Sarcoscyphaceae
Family
Auricolariaceae
Family
Ceratobasidiaceae
Family
Corticiaceae
Family
Hymenochaetaceae
Family
Echiondintiaceae
Family
Eistuliniaceae
Family
Clavariaceae
Family
Polyporaceae
Family
Tricholomataceae
Family
Ustilaginaceae
Family
Sporobolomycetaceae
Family
Uredinaceae
Family
Agaricaceae
Family
Graphiolaceae
Family
Pucciniaceae
Family
Melampsoraceae
Family
Gandodermataceae
Family
Labonlbeniaccue
Family
Sphacropsidaceae
Family
Melabconiaceae
Family
Tuberculariaceae
Family
Dematiaceae
Family
Moniliaceae
Family
Aganomucetaceae
Parasitic
Weeds
Family
Balanophoraceae-parasitic species
Family
Cuscutaceae-parasitic species
Family
Thydonoraceae-parasitic species
Family
Lauraceae-parasitic species Genus Cassytha
Family
Lennoaceae-parasitic species
Family
Loranthaceae-parasitic species
Family
Myzodendraceas-parasitic species
Family
Olacaceae-parasitic species
Family
Orobanchaceae-parasitic species
Family
Rafflesiaceae-parasitic species
Family
Santalaceae-parasitic species
Family
Scrophulariaceae-parasitic species
Protozoa
Genus
Phytomonas
And
all Protozoa associated with insect dest
Nematodes
Family
Anguinidae
Family
Belonolaimidae
Family
caloosiidae
Family
Cariconematidae
Family
dolichodoridae
Family
Fergusbbiidae
Family
hemicycliophoridae
Family
Heteroderidae
Family
Hoplolaimidae
Family
Meloidogynidae
Family
Neotylenchidae
Family
Nothotylenchaidae
Family
Paratylenchidae
Family
Pratylenchidae
Family
Tylenchidae
Family
Tylenchulidae
Family
Aphelenchoidae
Family
Longdoridae
Family
Trichodoridae
Mollusca
Super
family Planorbacea
Super
family Achatinacea
Super
family Arionacea
Super
family Limacacea
Super
family Helicacea
Super
family Veronicellacea
Arthropoda
Super
family Ascoidea
Super
family Dermanyssoidea
Super
family Erjophyoidea
Super
family Tetranychoidea
Super
family Tetranychoidea
Super
family Eupododea
Super
family Tydeoidea
Super
family Erythraenoidea
Super
family Trombidioidea
Super
family Hydryphantoidea
Super
family Tarasonemoidea
Super
family Pycmotoiodea
Super
family Hemisaracoptoidea
Super
family Acaroidea
Order
Polydesmida
Family
Sminthoridao
Family
Forfieulidzo
Order
Isptera
Order
Thysanoptera
Family
Acredidea
Family
Gryllidae
Family
Gryllacridiedae
Family
Gryllotalpidae
Family
Phasmatidao
Family
Ronalcidao
Family
Tettigoniidao
Family
Tatragidao
Family
Thaumastocoridae
Superfamily
Piesmatoidea
Super
family Lygacoidea
Super
family Idiostoloidea
Super
family Carcoidea
Super
family Penatomoidea
Super
family Pyrrhocomidea
Super
family Tingoidea
Super
family Miroidea
Order
Homoptara
Family
Anobiidae
Family
Apionidae
Family
Anthrididae
Family
Bostrichidae
Family
Brentidae
Family
Bruchidae
Family
Buprestodae
Family
Byturidae
Family
Cantharidae
Family
Carabidae
Family
Ceambiceidae
Family
Chrysomelidae
Family
Coecinellidae
Family
Curculionidae
Family
Dermestidae
Family
Elateridae
Family
Hydrophilidae
Family
Lyctidae
Family
Meloidae
Family
Moredellidae
Family
Platypodiadae
Family
Scarabaeldae
Family
Scolytidae
Family
Selbytidae
Order
Lepidoptera
Family
Agromyidae
Family
Anthomiidae
Family
Cecidomiidae
Family
Chioropidae
Family
Ephydridae
Family
Lonchacidae
Family
Musicdae
Family
Otitidae
Family
Syrphidae
Family
Tephritidae
Family
Tipulidae
Family
Apidae
Family
Caphidae
Family
Chalcidae
Family
Cynipidae
Family
Eurytomidae
Family
formicidae
Family
Psilidae
Family
Sircidae
Family
Tenthredinidae
Family
Torymidae
Family
Xyloiopidae
and
also
unclassified organism and/or organisms whose classification is unknown, and
all other
organisms
associated with plant and insect disease.
------------------------------------------------------------
Published
in the Gazette No. 621 dt. 5-12-89
Corrections
made in terms of corrigendum No. G.S.R. 137(E) dt. 21-2-90 published in the
Gazette.
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